How Language Models Learn: From Random Starts to Smart Responses | Mingrui Liu | TEDxChantilly HS
How do language models like ChatGPT learn to write essays, answer questions, or explain science? The secret lies not in magic, but in optimization: the math behind learning from mistakes. In this talk, I will unpack how these systems start with random responses and gradually improve through feedback and repetition. Along the way, you’ll see how machines, like people, get better by practicing, adjusting, and scaling up. Mingrui Liu is an assistant professor in the department of computer science at George Mason University. His research interests include machine learning, optimization, statistical learning theory and deep learning. He has published over 30 papers in leading AI venues such as NeurIPS/ICML/ICLR/JMLR. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
More from TED
- 14:00Salmon runs: a pathway for reconciliation | Bob (Galagame') Chamberlin | TEDxVictoriaWild Pacific salmon populations have declined 90% since the 1970s, threatening Indigenous food security and culture. But these fish are more than food — they are culture, identity and a shared pathway to reconciliation that will benefit entire ecosystems, economies, and communities. Bob (Galagame') Chamberlin is a lifelong advocate for Wild Pacific Salmon, food security, and Indigenous rights. He served 14 years as elected Chief Councilor of the Kwikwasutinuxw Haxwa’mis First Nation and nine years as Vice President of the Union of BC Indian Chiefs. Galagame' led negotiations resulting in the removal of fish farms from the Broughton Archipelago and consulted for Homalco, Tla'amin, and Klahoose First Nations on the Discovery Islands. He is the founder of the First Nation Wild Salmon Alliance and has spoken on Indigenous rights and environmental justice at national forums and the United Nations Convention in Geneva. His work centers on true reconciliation and lasting environmental stewardship. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
- 15:51From polar bears to phytoplankton: stories of connection | Sunniva Sorby | TEDxVictoriaAn explorer turned citizen scientist reveals how ordinary people can contribute to cutting-edge research, from tracking polar bears to partnering with NASA. Through stories of survival, climate change, and connection to the natural world, discover why protecting what we love may be the most important expedition of all. Sunniva Sorby is a polar explorer, climate advocate, and citizen scientist dedicated to protecting our planet. In 2020, she became one of the first women to overwinter solo in the Arctic, spending 19 months off-grid to advance climate research through Hearts in the Ice, a global initiative engaging 150,000+ youth. A sought-after speaker, she has presented for Google, the UN (COP26), and National Geographic. Sunniva has been featured in BBC, CNN, Forbes, and Canadian Geographic. A Fellow of the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, she continues to inspire action through storytelling, youth engagement, and an upcoming documentary bringing her Arctic experiences to life. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
- 12:55What silence taught me about speaking up | Leah Wang | TEDxVictoriaFrom complete silence to the TEDx stage, Leah’s story traces selective mutism, speech struggles, and growing up across multiple languages. With the help of a youth debate club, her biggest fear transformed into a passion for public speaking and advocacy. Leah Wang is a passionate public speaker, youth mentor, and advocate for accessible communication education. Growing up with selective mutism and a severe stutter, she overcame immense challenges to discover that public speaking isn’t about perfection—it’s about being heard. At just 15, Leah has founded a nonprofit that has reached over 5,580 students across 22 international branches, making public speaking education accessible regardless of financial or systemic barriers. She believes communication is one of the most transformative skills a young person can develop. Whether in classrooms or communities, Leah is proving that no matter where you start, your voice can make a difference. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
- 12:25Circle up — the power of freestyle | Zoe Slusar, A.K.A. ZHE The Free | TEDxVictoriaFreestyle rap isn’t just music. It’s an accessible tool for healing, confidence, and community. From mental health to youth empowerment, freestyle shows that authentic expression can change lives. Zoe Slusar, aka ZHE the FREE, is a powerhouse hip-hop artist, mentor, and advocate. Growing up on Treaty 7 land, she channels her fire into explosive performances, blending freestyle, storytelling, and social activism. Winner of the National Music Centre’s 50th Anniversary of Hip Hop track competition, she inspires others to find their voice through music. A dedicated mentor, she has worked with Sask Music, Tribe Artist Society, and more, using hip-hop as a tool for youth empowerment. Founder of Cypher Club YYC and co-founder of Circle Made Artist Society, ZHE organizes community events, bringing artists together through the power of rhythm, words, and raw energy. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
- 15:25Let her buy cigarettes: Giving that centres dignity, not data | Jill Van Gyn-Carr | TEDxVictoriaMost giving comes with strings attached. This talk reveals why oversight isn’t generosity, how stigma blocks impact, and why unconditional trust may be the most radical form of compassion. Jill Van Gyn-Carr is a writer, advocate, and business leader known for her bold approach to storytelling, entrepreneurship, and social impact. As founding CEO of Fatso Peanut Butter, she built a nationally recognized brand celebrated for its progressive values. Her leadership has been nationally recognized by Maclean’s, BC Business, and EY and today she is the Director of Business Development at Rifflandia Entertainment Company where she helps drive growth, brand development, and strategic initiatives for one of Canada’s most dynamic music and entertainment brands. Jill is on the board of Peers Victoria, an organization that ignited her passion for small-scale, high-impact philanthropy. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
- 13:13Slower thinking for a faster world | Erfa Alani | TEDxVictoriaComplex decisions require more than data; they need ethical clarity. From AI and climate change to everyday choices at work and home, discover a four-lens framework for seeing beyond immediate outcomes to build trust, navigate moral complexity, and build the most essential leadership skill. Erfa Alani is an executive leader with over 20 years experience shaping strategy, investment, and public policy across industries. A former refugee, she learned resilience early—an ethos that has guided her through law school to consulting at PwC and IBM. She worked as Deputy Head of Mission at the Aga Khan Development Network where she secured critical resources for healthcare, education, and infrastructure, bringing sustainable development to underserved communities. Erfa specializes in building organizations from the ground up, fostering collaboration to drive lasting impact. She is currently Chief of Staff and Director of Corporate Affairs at Invest Ontario, an organization she helped to establish. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx