Immunologia regenerativa: la sfida contro l'invecchiamento | Ermelinda Porpiglia | TEDxCatania
Viviamo più a lungo che mai, ma vivere a lungo non significa necessariamente vivere bene. Con l’età, i nostri tessuti si riparano più lentamente, le funzioni del corpo si riducono e la qualità della vita può peggiorare. La mia ricerca si concentra su un obiettivo ambizioso: migliorare l’healthspan — cioè il numero di anni in cui restiamo in buona salute — tramite la medicina rigenerativa. In particolare, studiamo come rigenerare i tessuti danneggiati sfruttando una risorsa che abbiamo già dentro di noi: il sistema immunitario. Siamo abituati a pensare al sistema immunitario come a un guerriero che ci protegge da virus e batteri. Ma c’è un lato meno conosciuto: quello del sistema immunitario come “alleato della rigenerazione”, che aiuta il nostro corpo a crescere e guarire. Nel mio laboratorio all’ Universita’ di Aarhus vogliamo capire meglio come le cellule immunitarie supportino le cellule staminali, che hanno il compito di rigenerare i tessuti. Ci chiediamo se questo ruolo di “alleato” del sistema immunitario si perde con l’età. E se sì, possiamo riattivarlo? Per trovare nuove risposte, utilizziamo tecnologie all’avanguardia che ci permettono di osservare, una cellula alla volta, le interazioni tra le cellule staminali e le cellule del sistema immunitario all’interno dei tessuti. Il nostro obiettivo è di studiare nel dettaglio le “nicchie rigenerative”, cioè i micro-ambienti specializzati dove le cellule staminali lavorano insieme alle cellule immunitarie per riparare il corpo. E vogliamo capire se, invecchiando, queste nicchie si deteriorano. Questa ricerca puo’ aiutarci a sviluppare nuove strategie per potenziare la capacità del corpo di guarire, anche in età avanzata. In altre parole: stimolare il nostro sistema immunitario per vivere non solo più a lungo, ma meglio. La Dott.ssa Ermelinda Porpiglia è Professore Associato all’Università di Aarhus, in Danimarca, dove guida un laboratorio che studia come l’invecchiamento influenzi la rigenerazione muscolare. Durante il suo post-doc alla Stanford University ha introdotto l’uso della citometria di massa a singola cellula (CyTOF) nello studio del muscolo scheletrico, identificando sottotipi rari di cellule staminali legati all’età. Il suo lavoro impiega tecnologie all’avanguardia per esplorare l’interazione tra cellule staminali e sistema immunitario, con l’obiettivo di sviluppare terapie che migliorino la riparazione muscolare. Laureata a Bologna e con un dottorato negli Stati Uniti, ha pubblicato su riviste di rilievo come Nature Medicine e Cell Stem Cell ed è Direttrice della Danish Society for Women in Science. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx
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